Bir dilde bir mefh\u00fbmu if\u00e2de i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan kelime say\u0131s\u0131 ne kadar kabar\u0131ksa o dili konu\u015fan milletin o mevzuda o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hay\u00e2t\u0131 var demektir.
\nT\u00fcrk\u00e7ede mesel\u00e2 yi\u011fitlik if\u00e2de eden kelimeler b\u00f6yledir. Er, eren, yi\u011fit, alp, batur, med, bahad\u0131r, cesur, kahraman, c\u0131las\u0131n, dil\u00e2ver, dil\u00eer, yavuz, yaman, ar\u0131z (\u0131r\u0131z), kak\u0131z, arslan, b\u00f6r\u00fc, efe hatta kabaday\u0131 ve deli gibi, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e veya T\u00fcrkle\u015fmi\u015f daha nice kelime, bizde t\u00fcrl\u00fc kahramanl\u0131klar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan s\u00f6zlerdir. B\u00f6yle daha nice s\u00f6zler ve deyimler de “G\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc daldan budaktan sak\u0131nmaz.” gibi mecaz olarak, b\u00f6yle m\u00e2n\u00e2lar verir. Sava\u015f meydanlar\u0131na av e\u011flencesine girer gibi ne\u015f’eyle gitmi\u015f ve \u00f6mr\u00fc sava\u015flarla ge\u00e7mi\u015f, f\u00e2tih bir milletin kelimeler d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda b\u00f6yle s\u00f6zlerin \u00e7ok say\u0131da olmas\u0131 \u00e7ok tab\u00ee\u00ee dir. Frans\u0131zcada renk adlar\u0131, g\u00f6z ve g\u00f6n\u00fcl alacak kadar \u00e7oktur. Bu, Frans\u0131z milletinin renk anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve renk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir. Renkleri birbirinden ay\u0131rd eden bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr de zevk ve sanat \u00e2leminde b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00e2n\u00e2 hatta b\u00fcy\u00fck medeniyet if\u00e2de eder.
\nArap\u00e7ada develere verilen \u00e7e\u015fitli adlar\u0131n zenginli\u011fi me\u015fhurdur. Araplar, \u015fiirde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 vezinlerini, naz\u0131m \u015fekillerini bile develere g\u00f6re ayarlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r: Arap aruzu, bir bak\u0131ma deve y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden do\u011fmu\u015f; Arap \u015fiirinde ta\u015ft\u00eer adl\u0131 bir naz\u0131m \u015fekli, ad\u0131n\u0131, di\u015fi bir devenin d\u00f6rt memesinden iki yandakileri b\u0131rak\u0131p ortadakileri sa\u011fmak m\u00e2n\u00e2s\u0131ndaki bir kelimeden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r
\n\u0130\u015fte bu \u00e7e\u015fitten olarak, eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede g\u00fczeli if\u00e2de eden kelimelerin \u00e7oklu\u011fu dikkati \u00e7eker. Bunlar\u0131n, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fczellikleri belirtmesi, ba\u015fl\u0131ba\u015f\u0131na bir dil ve estetik h\u00e2disesidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir dilde g\u00fczel’i ve g\u00fczellikleri de\u011ferlendiren \u00e7ok say\u0131da kelime var demek, o dili kullanan milletin g\u00fczel’den anlamas\u0131, hem \u00e7ok iyi anlamas\u0131 demektir. G\u00fczel’den, \u00f6ylesine iyi anlayan bir milletin ise b\u00fct\u00fcn sanatlarda ve bu arada \u015fiirde, edebiyatta g\u00fczel eser vermesi \u00eecap eder. Bizim D\u00eevan \u015fiirimizde m\u00fckemmel g\u00fczellik gayesiyle s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f nice g\u00fczel s\u00f6zlerin d\u00f6rtba\u015f\u0131 m\u00e2mur bir g\u00fczellik arzetmesi bundand\u0131r. XIV as\u0131r D\u00eevan \u015f\u00e2iri Ahmed\u00ee, bir \u015fiirinde bu g\u00fczelliklerin b\u00e2z\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, bilerek, bir araya getirmi\u015ftir. Ahmed\u00ee’nin o \u015fiirinde \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fczellikleri if\u00e2de i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kelimeler \u015funlard\u0131r.
\nG\u00fcl m\u00fc z\u00eeb\u00e2d\u0131r let\u00e2fetde ya ruhs\u00e2r\u0131n senin L\u00e2le m\u00ee ho\u015fdur tar\u00e2vetde ya d\u00eed\u00e2r\u0131n senin
\nNergis \u00ee ra’n\u00e2 m\u0131 ye\u011fdir y\u00e2 senin el\u00e2 g\u00f6z\u00fcn S\u00fcnb\u00fcl \u00ee z\u00eeb\u00e2 m\u0131 ye\u011f y\u00e2 z\u00fclf-i mekk\u00e2r\u0131n senin
\nBu m\u0131sr\u00e2larda bir araya getirilen z\u00eeb\u00e2, let\u00e2fet, ho\u015f, d\u00ee-d\u00e2r, tar\u00e2vet ve r\u00e2’n\u00e2 kelimeleri, birbirinden \u00e7ok ba\u015fka g\u00fczellikleri belirtir. \u015e\u00e2ir, sevgilisine der ki:
\n“\u0130nce, l\u00e2tif ve \u015feffaf g\u00fczellikte g\u00fcl m\u00fc daha al\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r, yoksa senin g\u00fclrengi yanaklar\u0131n m\u0131?
\nTer \u00fc taze g\u00fczellikte l\u00e2le mi daha ho\u015f’dur yoksa senin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fczelli\u011fi mi?
\nRenkli g\u00fczellik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan nergis \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi mi, yoksa senin el\u00e2 g\u00f6zlerin mi; g\u00f6steri\u015fli g\u00fczellikte ise s\u00fcnb\u00fcl \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi mi yoksa senin aldat\u0131c\u0131, oyun edici sa\u00e7lar\u0131n m\u0131 daha g\u00fczeldir?”
\nBunlardan, l\u00e2t\u00eef, ince, \u015feffaf hatta r\u00fbh\u00e2ni g\u00fczelli\u011fi; z\u00eeb\u00e2, s\u00fcsl\u00fc ve yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fczelli\u011fi; ho\u015f, bilindi\u011fi gibi, ho\u015f g\u00fczelli\u011fi; tar\u00e2vet, tazeli\u011fi ve taze g\u00fczelli\u011fi; d\u00eed\u00e2r, y\u00fcz g\u00fczelli\u011fini; r\u00e2’n\u00e2, g\u00fcl-i r\u00e2’n\u00e2da ve nergiste oldu\u011fu gibi, renkli g\u00fczelli\u011fi, ya do\u011frudan do\u011fruya ya da mecazla if\u00e2de ederler. Fakat eski dilde g\u00fczel’i anlatan kelime say\u0131s\u0131 bunlarla bitmez. Bunlardan ba\u015fka, mesel\u00e2 \u015firinlik, sab\u00e2hat, mel\u00e2hat, vec\u00e2het, cem\u00e2l, beh\u00e2, h\u00fcs\u00fcn, \u00e2n v.b. gibi daha nice kelime, \u00e7e\u015fitli kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131yle, \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fczelliklerin if\u00e2desi olmu\u015ftur. O kadar ki b\u00f6yle g\u00fczellikleri s\u00f6ylerken, tek kelimeye doyamam\u0131\u015f gibi, eskiler, bunlardan b\u00e2z\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fcsn \u00fc cem\u00e2l, h\u00fcsn \u00fc beh\u00e2, h\u00fcsn \u00fc \u00e2n gibi bir arada kullan\u0131rlard\u0131.
\nB\u00f6yle kullan\u0131\u015flar XV as\u0131r \u015f\u00e2iri Ahmed Pa\u015fa’da:
\nBah\u00e2r-\u0131 h\u00fcsn \u00fc beh\u00e2da bel\u00e2lu b\u00fclb\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn G\u00fcl-\u00ee ter\u00ee nicesin ho\u015f musun saf\u00e2ca m\u0131s\u0131n
\n\u015fekliyle ne kadar g\u00fczelse, 20. as\u0131r \u015f\u00e2iri Faruk N\u00e2fizin: H\u00fcsn \u00fc \u00e2n, reng \u00fc f\u00fcsun, a\u015fk u c\u00fcnun mah\u015ferini
\nm\u0131sras\u0131nda da o derece taze ve g\u00fczeldir.
\nB\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, g\u00fczel’den anlayan ve g\u00fczel’e \u00e2\u015f\u0131k bir milletin halk\u0131n\u0131n, ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131, as\u0131rlarca tatmin etmi\u015f, bu arada, cem\u00e2l gibi, d\u00eed\u00e2r gibi kelimeler, il\u00e2h\u00ee g\u00fczelli\u011fi if\u00e2de ettikleri i\u00e7in kullananlara manev\u00ee bir haz vermi\u015ftir.
\nG\u00fczelli\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitlendiren s\u00f6zler ve mecazlar bulmada eskiler o kadar ileri gitmi\u015flerdir ki F\u00e2ris\u00eede g\u00f6n\u00fcl m\u00e2n\u00e2s\u0131na gelen dil g\u00f6z\u00fcyle yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ne kadar birle\u015fik s\u0131fat varsa bunlar\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fczelliklerin if\u00e2desinde b\u00fcy\u00fck ustal\u0131k ve incelikle kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bunlardan dil\u00e2r\u00e2 (g\u00f6n\u00fcl s\u00fcsleyen), dilber (g\u00f6n\u00fcl g\u00f6t\u00fcren), dild\u00e2r (g\u00f6n\u00fcl tutan), dilpesend (g\u00f6nl\u00fcn be\u011fendi\u011fi), dilr\u00fcb\u00e2 (g\u00f6n\u00fcl \u00e7eken), dil\u015fik\u00e2r (g\u00f6n\u00fcl avlayan), dilf\u00fcr\u00fbz (g\u00f6n\u00fcl parlatan), dilfir\u00eeb (g\u00f6n\u00fcl e\u011flendiren), dilni\u015f\u00een (g\u00f6n\u00fclde yerle\u015fen), dilnev\u00e2z (g\u00f6n\u00fcl ok\u015fayan) g\u00fczel demektir ve bunlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131, burada sayd\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131zdan daha da fazlad\u0131r, daha da \u00e7e\u015fitlidir.
\nGelgeldim, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrk\u00e7e b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan mahrum edilmi\u015f; bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu halk i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye yabanc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, kendili\u011finden terkedilmi\u015f, m\u00fchim bir k\u0131sm\u0131 uydurma dilcilik y\u00fcz\u00fcnden dilden at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f fakat yerlerine yenileri konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fczellikleri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 if\u00e2de edecek kelime zenginli\u011finden uzak ve fakir b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir dilin sadele\u015fmesi ve mill\u00eele\u015fmesi, fak\u00eer b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 demek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrk\u00e7emiz, bu y\u00fczden en m\u00fchim bir mefh\u00fbmdan \u015fiddetle yoksul bir durumdad\u0131r.
\nBunun i\u00e7indir ki merhum ve b\u00fcy\u00fck romanc\u0131 Re\u015fat Nuri G\u00fcntekin, T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede g\u00fczel’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dikkat etmi\u015f, bu fakirlikten \u00e7ok ac\u0131 \u015fik\u00e2yetlerde bulunmu\u015ftu.
\nRe\u015fat Nuri, daha Birinci T\u00fcrk Dili Kurultay\u0131’nda s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti ki:
\n“Bir mis\u00e2l arzedeyim:
\n‘Les anciens etaient plus beaux, mais nous sommes
\nplus jolis.’ c\u00fcmlesi.
\nFrans\u0131zca bilmeyenler i\u00e7in bu c\u00fcmleyi huzurunuzda terc\u00fcme etmek isterim. Fakat hak\u00eekaten buna imk\u00e2n yok, me\u011fer ki tefs\u00eer yapal\u0131m.
\nBeau ile joli, g\u00fczelli\u011fin, iki ayr\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fidini g\u00f6steren iki kelimedir. (\u015eimdi bu c\u00fcmleyi terc\u00fcme i\u00e7in): “Eskiler bizden daha g\u00fczeldi fakat biz onlardan daha g\u00fczeliz, yahut, l\u00e2t\u00eefiz, \u015firiniz.” desek ne anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r? Muharririn maksad\u0131 do\u011fru olarak if\u00e2de edilmi\u015f olur mu? \u015eu halde bu c\u00fcmleyi terc\u00fcme eden m\u00fctercime ancak \u015fu yol kal\u0131r: O da beau ile joli’nin ne nev\u00ee g\u00fczelliklere verilmi\u015f isimler oldu\u011funu ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve c\u00fcmleyi tefs\u00eer ile terc\u00fcme etmek \u00eecap ederse, sah\u00eefe alt\u0131na bir not \u00e7\u0131kmak: Eskilerde, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckten, asillikten, \u00e7izgi intiz\u00e2m\u0131ndan do\u011fmu\u015f bir g\u00fczellik vard\u0131, bu itibarla onlar bizden g\u00fczeldiler. Bizde incelikten zar\u00e2fetten, \u015firinlikten gelme bir g\u00fczellik vard\u0131r, bu nokta-i nazardan biz onlardan \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcz.”
\nBundan 38 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi \u00e7ok g\u00fczel kullanm\u0131\u015f bir T\u00fcrk romanc\u0131s\u0131 b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u0130l\u00e2ve edelim ki merhum romanc\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, g\u00fczellik’den yana ne kadar fakir kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’de, art\u0131k o g\u00fcn\u00fcn imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 da yoktur.
\nOnun s\u00f6yledi\u011fi Frans\u0131zca c\u00fcmlenin anlatmak istedi\u011fi klasik g\u00fczellikle modern g\u00fczelli\u011fin aras\u0131 \u015fimdi daha b\u00fcy\u00fck u\u00e7urumlarla a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7emiz, o g\u00fcnden beri yap\u0131lan t\u00fcrl\u00fc, tersine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, bu \u00e7ok m\u00fchim bo\u015flu\u011fu dolduram\u0131yor.
\nHalbuki biz, g\u00fczellik’ten ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc g\u00fczel’den \u00e7ok iyi anlayan bir millettik. Yaln\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131nda, Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 as\u0131rlar\u0131nda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z t\u00fcrl\u00fc sanat eserleri, mimar\u00eeler, tezhipler, onlar gibi sa\u011flam ve onlar kadar s\u00fcsl\u00fc edeb\u00ee eserler, hat ve m\u00fbsik\u00ee sanatlar\u0131; halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n her sahadaki el i\u015fleri, dokumalar\u0131, kuma\u015flar\u0131, i\u015flemeleri her \u015fey, her \u015fey, bunun \u015f\u00e2hidi ve isb\u00e2t\u0131d\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn bu eserleri her\u015feyden \u00f6nce ve her\u015feyden \u00e7ok g\u00fczel’dir.
\nDemek ki bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye’de ve bu ters \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla fakirle\u015fen yaln\u0131z dil de\u011fildir.
\nDil’in fakirle\u015fmesi ve bize \u015fiddetle k\u00fcsmesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve daha hayat\u00ee kay\u0131plar\u0131m\u0131z oluyor.
\nG\u00fczelli\u011fi ve g\u00fczel’den anlamay\u0131 kaybetmek gibi…<\/p>\n
Nihad S\u00e2mi Banarl\u0131, T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin s\u0131rlar\u0131, 18. bask\u0131, sayfa:169-174.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bir dilde bir mefh\u00fbmu if\u00e2de i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan kelime say\u0131s\u0131 ne kadar kabar\u0131ksa o dili konu\u015fan milletin o mevzuda o kadar<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12],"tags":[50,273,329,345,523,591,649,746,766,773],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}