{"id":924,"date":"2016-05-28T07:31:22","date_gmt":"2016-05-28T07:31:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nihadsamibanarli.com\/?p=924"},"modified":"2016-05-28T07:31:22","modified_gmt":"2016-05-28T07:31:22","slug":"alp-er-tunga-destani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/2016\/05\/28\/alp-er-tunga-destani\/","title":{"rendered":"Alp Er Tunga destan\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bilgimize g\u00f6re, eski \u00e7a\u011flar T\u00fcrk t\u00e2rihinin ilk destan kahram\u00e2n\u0131 Alp Er Tunga isimli, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir T\u00fcrk ve T\u00fbran h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r. Alp Er Tunga, M. \u00f6. VII. as\u0131rdaki T\u00fcrk – \u00ceran sava\u015flar\u0131nda \u00fcn kazanm\u0131\u015f ; \u00ceran ordular\u0131n\u0131 def\u00e2larca ma\u011flup etmi\u015f, sonunda \u00ceran (Medya) h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00e2r\u0131 Keyh\u00fcsrev (Kiyaksares)e yenilerek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Su, Saka (Skit) (16) adl\u0131 T\u00fcrk devletine alt\u0131n devri ya\u015fatan bu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 \u0130ranl\u0131lar hiyle ile \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fler, onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra da Saka Devleti eski b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmi\u015ftir. Bu kahraman i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenen destanlar zaman\u0131m\u0131za kadar ya\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna mukabil, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler, Uygurlar, Karahanl\u0131lar gibi M\u00eeladdan ve \u0130sl\u00e2miyetten sonra devlet kuran T\u00fcrk \u00e2ilelerinin, kendilerini Alp Er Tunga soyundan bildiklerini ; bu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar ailelerinin Alp Er Tunga’y\u0131 en eski atalar\u0131 diye tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren t\u00e2rih kay\u0131tlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. ( 17)<\/p>\n

Alp Er Tunga’n\u0131n h\u00e2t\u0131r\u00e2s\u0131 bilhassa \u015fehir hay\u00e2t\u0131na al\u0131\u015fan T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131nda as\u0131rlarca ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran dest\u00e2n\u0131’ndaki ad\u0131 Afrisyab’d\u0131r. M. XI. as\u0131rda D\u00eev\u00e2n\u00fc Lugaati’t -T\u00fcrk ad\u0131yle ve Arap diliyle T\u00fcrkler’in ilk lugat ve gramer kitab\u0131n\u0131 yazan Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud’un bu kitab\u0131nda, b\u00fcy\u00fck Saka h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131n her f\u0131rsatta an\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Mesel\u00e2 T\u00fcrklerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015fbu\u011flar\u0131na Han denildi\u011fi bildirilirken, Afrasyab o\u011fullar\u0131na Han, fakat Afrasyab’a H\u00e2kan denildi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir. (C. il S. 157) Y\u00e2hut T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kaz kelimesi a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131rken, bunun ayn\u0131 zamanda Afrasyab’\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 oldu\u011fu bildirilir. Hatta \u00abKazvin \u015fehrinin as\u0131l ad\u0131, kaz oyunu: Kaz oyn\u0131’d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Afrasyab’\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 orada oturur, orada oynarm\u0131\u015f.\u00bb gibi yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalarla, yine onun h\u00e2t\u0131ras\u0131 an\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130le \u0131rma\u011f\u0131na akan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7ay\u0131n ad\u0131 Kaz Suyu’dur, denilirken \u00abAfrasyab’\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131, bu suyun kenar\u0131na bir kale yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ; bu ad oradan kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00bb gibi bilgiler verilir, (C. il, S. 149 – 151) Miladdan sonra XIV. as\u0131r sonunda yaz\u0131ya ge\u00e7irilen Dede Korkut Hikiyeleri’nde \u00abg\u00fczel k\u0131w manas\u0131nda \u00abkaza benzer k\u0131z\u00bb tabirinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, bu hat\u0131ran\u0131n T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Alp Er Tunga’n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc konusunda s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f bir Sap (a\u011f\u0131t; mersiye) ise M. XI. as\u0131ra kadar ya\u015fayarak, eserine b\u00f6yle hat\u0131ralardan \u00f6rnekler alan Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131ya ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir. Bu mersiyenin Alp Er Tunga dest\u00e2n\u0131’n\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne \u00e2it bir par\u00e7a olmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Alp Er Tunga’ya \u0130ranl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda Afr\u00e2syab denildi\u011fi de isl\u00e2miyetten sonra (M. XI. as\u0131rda) yaz\u0131lan T\u00fcrk eserlerinden Kutadgu Bilig’in \u015fu m\u0131sr\u00e2lar\u0131nda bildiriliyor:<\/p>\n

Bu T\u00fcrk beglerinde at\u0131 belg\u00fcl\u00fcg<\/p>\n

Tun\u011fa Alp Er irdi kut\u0131 belg\u00fcl\u00fcg<\/p>\n

Bed\u00fck bilgi birle \u00f6k\u00fc\u015f erdemi<\/p>\n

Biliglig uku\u015flug budun k\u00f6dreml<\/p>\n

Tacikler ayur \u00e2n\u0131 Afrasyab<\/p>\n

Bu Afrisyab tutd\u0131 iller talab<\/p>\n

\u00abT\u00fcrk be\u011fleri i\u00e7inde ad\u0131 ve kutu tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, Alp Er Tunga, b\u00fcy\u00fck bilgili, \u00e7ok faziletli bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdard\u0131. Bilgili, anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131, meziyetli bir b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Tacik’ler (yani \u0130ranl\u0131lar) ona Afrasyab diyorlar. Bu Afrasyab ya\u011fma ile illeri (d\u00fcnyay\u0131) tuttu.\u00bb mealindeki bu m\u0131sr\u00e2larda Alp Er Tunga’n\u0131n T\u00fcrk h\u00e2t\u0131ra ve h\u00e2f\u0131zas\u0131ndaki ehemmiyeti \u00e2\u015fikard\u0131r. ( 18) Kutadgu Bilig ve Divan\u00fc Lugaati’t – T\u00fcrk gibi her iki XI. as\u0131r eserinde Alp Er Tunga’ya ayr\u0131lan bilgi ve m\u0131sr\u00e2lar bu Saka destan\u0131n\u0131n o as\u0131rlarda h\u00e2l\u00e2 ne kadar yayg\u0131n oldu\u011funa delildir. Fakat Alp Er Tunga’ya \u00e2it, geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde destan m\u0131sr\u00e2lar\u0131 \u015eehn\u00e2me isimli \u00ceran dest\u00e2n\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u015eehn\u00e2me’de geni\u015f yer tutan \u00ceran – T\u00fbran sava\u015flar\u0131 boyunca, en b\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fbran kahram\u00e2n\u0131 ; \u00f6nce \u015fehz\u00e2de sonra h\u00fck\u00fcmdar olarak, Afrasyab’d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(Bak\u0131n\u0131z: Prof. Z. Velidi Togan: Umumi T\u00fcrk Tarihine Girit. S. 34. lst. 1946) . (16) Skit (lakit) ad\u0131, Homeroa ve Heredotoa’\u00ad dan ba\u015flayarak, eski Yunan \u015fiir ve t\u00e2rihcileriyle Bi\u00b7 zana kaynaklann\u0131n Saka’lara verdikleri isimdir. M. \u00d6. ki as\u0131rlarda \u00c7in’den Do\u011fu Avrupa’ya kadar uzanan Saka imparatorlu\u011fu, T\u00fcrkler’in \u00e7ok say\u0131da kavimler \u00fczerinde kurduklan b\u00fcy\u00fck devletti. (Eski tarih\u00e7iler, bunlann Ortaasya ve Azerbaycan b\u00f6lgelerine hakim olanlanna Saka, Do\u011fu Avrupa (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc C’enup Rusya) da devlet ve medeniyet kuranlanna da Skit diyorlard\u0131.17 Bak\u0131n\u0131z: Prof. M. Fuad K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc. T\u00fcrk Eclebiyab Tarihi. S. 57. Aynca: Orta Asya tarihinde Hun devletinin \u00d6nce \u015eu yahud Saka adl\u0131 bir T\u00fcrk devleti kuruldu\u011funu, bu devletin M. \u00d6. Vlll. as\u0131rda merkezi Orta Tiyanfan’da bulunan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir devlet manzaras\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; M. \u00d6. yedinci as\u0131rda albn devrini yaf\u0131yan bu devletin, yine M. \u00d6. d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc asra kadar iktidann\u0131 muhafaza etti\u011fini \u00c7in ve lran kaynaklanna dayanarak, Prof. Zeki Velidi Togan bildirmektedir. Bu bilgilere g\u00f6re Alp Er T unga M. \u00d6. Vll. as\u0131rda yafayan, b\u00fcy\u00fck Saka h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r. (Bak\u0131n\u0131z: Zeki Velidi Togan. Umumi T\u00fcrk Tarihine Girit. S. 33 \u2022 36. lst. 1 946) .\u0131s Abd\u00fclkadir inan. T\u00fcrk Destanlanna Genel Bir Bak\u0131\u015f,. T\u00fcrk Dili Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalan Y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131. 1954. Ye Kutadgu Bilig, beyit: 276 \u2022 280.<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bilgimize g\u00f6re, eski \u00e7a\u011flar T\u00fcrk t\u00e2rihinin ilk destan kahram\u00e2n\u0131 Alp Er Tunga isimli, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir T\u00fcrk ve T\u00fbran h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[9,10],"tags":[137,594,598,599,665],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/924"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/924\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.nihatsamibanarli.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}